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Portuguese translations
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Some facts about Portuguese language
Portuguese language, member of the Romance group of the
Italic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
It is the mother tongue of about 170 million people, chiefly
in Portugal and the Portuguese islands in the Atlantic (11
million speakers); in Brazil (154 million speakers); and in
Portugal's former overseas provinces in Africa and Asia (about
5 million speakers). Although the Portuguese spoken in Portugal
differs to some extent from the Portuguese current in Brazil,
with reference to pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary,
the differences are not major. A distinctive phonetic feature
of Portuguese is the nasalization of certain vowels and diphthongs,
which can be indicated by a tilde placed above the appropriate
vowel. The acute and circumflex accents serve to make clear
both stress and pronunciation and also to distinguish homonyms.
The grave accent is a guide to pronunciation. It can also
indicate a contraction, as in as, which is a combination of
a “to” and as “the” (feminine plural).
A c with a cedilla (c) is pronounced like c in English place
when used before the vowels a, o, and u. As in Spanish, there
are two forms of the verb “to be”: ser, which
denotes a comparatively permanent state and which also precedes
a predicate noun, and estar, which denotes a comparatively
temporary condition. Again like Spanish, Portuguese tends
to use reflexive verbs instead of the passive voice. Historically,
Portuguese, which developed from the Vulgar Latin brought
to the Iberian Peninsula by its Roman conquerors, could be
distinguished from the parent tongue before the 11th cent.
The Portuguese spoken in Lisbon and Coimbra gave rise to the
Standard Portuguese of today. Although the greater part of
the Portuguese vocabulary comes from Latin, a number of words
have also been absorbed from Arabic, French, and Italian,
and also from some of the indigenous South American and African
languages.
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