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English translations
If you are looking for a translator from English or into
English, we are please to offer the service of our extensive
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and many other.
Some facts about English language
English language, member of the West Germanic group of the
Germanic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
Spoken by about 470 million people throughout the world, English
is the official language of about 45 nations. It is the mother
tongue of about 60 million persons in the British Isles, from
where it spread to many other parts of the world owing to
British exploring, colonizing, and empire-building from the
17th through 19th cent. It is now also the first language
of an additional 228 million people in the United States;
16.5 million in Canada; 17 million in Australia; 3 million
in New Zealand and a number of Pacific islands; and approximately
15 million others in different parts of the Western Hemisphere,
Africa, and Asia. As a result of such expansion, English is
the most widely scattered of the great speech communities.
It is also the most commonly used auxiliary language in the
world. The United Nations uses English not only as one of
its official languages but also as one of its two working
languages.
There are many dialect areas; in England and S Scotland these
are of long standing, and the variations are striking; the
Scottish dialect especially has been cultivated literarily.
There are newer dialect differences also, such as in the United
States, including regional varieties such as Southern English,
and cultural varieties, such as Black English. Standard forms
of English differ also; thus, the standard British (“the
king's English”) is dissimilar to the several standard
varieties of American and to Australian, Canadian, New Zealand,
and Indian English.
History of English
Today's English is the continuation of the language of the
5th-century Germanic invaders of Britain. No records exist
of preinvasion forms of the language. The language most closely
related to English is the West Germanic language Frisian.
The history of English is an aspect of the history of the
English people and their development. Thus in the 9th cent.
the standard English was the dialect of dominant Wessex. The
Norman Conquest (11th cent.) brought in foreign rulers, whose
native language was Norman French; and English was eclipsed
by French as the official language. When English became again
(14th cent.) the language of the upper class, the capital
was London, and the new standard (continued in Modern Standard
English) was a London dialect.
It is convenient to divide English into periods—Old
English (or Anglo-Saxon; to c.1150), Middle English (to c.1500;
see Middle English literature), and Modern English; this division
implies no discontinuity, for even the hegemony of French
affected only a small percentage of the population. The English-speaking
areas have expanded at all periods. Before the Normans the
language was spoken in England and S Scotland, but not in
Cornwall, Wales, or, at first, in Strathclyde. English has
not completely ousted the Celtic languages from the British
Isles, but it has spread vastly overseas.
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